&

[Bitwise Operators]

描述

The bitwise AND operator in C++ is a single ampersand &, used between two other integer expressions. Bitwise AND operates on each bit position of the surrounding expressions independently, according to this rule: if both input bits are 1, the resulting output is 1, otherwise the output is 0.

Another way of expressing this is:

0  0  1  1    operand1
0  1  0  1    operand2
----------
0  0  0  1    (operand1 & operand2) - returned result

In 86Duino, the type int is a 32-bit value, so using & between two int expressions causes 32 simultaneous AND operations to occur.

範例程式碼

In a code fragment like:

int a =  92;    // in binary: 00000000000000000000000001011100
int b = 101;    // in binary: 00000000000000000000000001100101
int c = a & b;  // result:    00000000000000000000000001000100, or 68 in decimal.

Each of the 32 bits in a and b are processed by using the bitwise AND, and all 32 resulting bits are stored in c, resulting in the value 01000100 in binary, which is 68 in decimal.

One of the most common uses of bitwise AND is to select a particular bit (or bits) from an integer value, often called masking.

PORTD = PORTD & 0b00000011;  // clear out bits 2 - 7, leave pins PD0 and PD1 untouched (xx & 11 == xx)

參考

• [程式語法] && Logical AND
• [Example] BitMath Tutorial

語法參考主頁面

86Duino 參考的文本是根據 知識共享署名-相同方式分享 3.0 許可證，部分文本是從 Arduino 參考 修改的。 參考中的代碼示例已發佈到公共領域。