gcode Command Reference Table

[Motion86]

Description

This page describes the commands supported by the gcode() function, the command format, and how to use it.

The – sign in the command format (e.g., G1 Axes- F-) represents the value input.

For more details about the various motion effects, please refer to the motion method explanation page.

G-Code Reference Sheet

G1

G1 Axes- F-

For straight-line movement, G90 and G91 can be used to designate absolute mode or relative mode.

• Axes: For the endpoint coordinates
• F: For feeding speed

Usage examples:

1. Move from the current position to the absolute coordinates (10,10,20) in a straight line at a feed rate of 500.

machine.gcode("G90");
machine.gcode("G1 X10 Y10 Z20 F500");     

2. Move the current position as the base, relative to each other (10,-10,20).

machine.gcode("G91");
machine.gcode("G1 X10 Y-10 Z20 F500");  

3. The X and Y-axis positions of the current position remain unchanged, and the Z-axis is moved to the absolute coordinate Z=50.

machine.gcode("G90");
machine.gcode("G1 Z50 F500");   

G2, G3

Circle mode: G2 Axes- Offsets- P- F-

Radius mode: G2 Axes- R- P- F-

G2 is for clockwise circular movement, G3 is for counterclockwise circular movement, and G17, G18, and G19 can be used to specify the axis of the drawn circular plane and helix.

• Axes: For the endpoint coordinates
• Offsets: the center of the arc
• R: the radius of the circle
• P: the number of circles drawn
• F: For feeding speed

The value of the arc radius R can be negative, if it is negative then the arc path will be greater than 180∘. According to different combinations of parameters, we can draw arc, circle, spiral, etc. For detailed explanation of the motion method, please refer to the motion method explanation.

Usage examples:

1. Draw a 90∘ arc from (0,0,0) to (50,50,0) on the XY plane with the center (50,0,0).

machine.gcode("G90");
machine.gcode("G1 X0 Y0 Z0 F500");
machine.gcode("G2 X50 Y50 I50 J0 F500");

2. Draw a 90∘ arc from (0,0,0) to (50,50,0) in the XY plane with the center (50,0,0).

machine.gcode("G90");
machine.gcode("G1 X0 Y0 Z0 F500");
machine.gcode("G2 X50 Y50 R50 F500");

3. Draw a 270∘ arc from (0,0,0) to (50,50,0) in the XY plane with the center (50,0,0).

machine.gcode("G90");
machine.gcode("G1 X0 Y0 Z0 F500");
machine.gcode("G3 X50 Y50 R-50 F500");

4. Draw a 90∘ arc from (0,0,0) to (50,50,0) in the XY plane with the center (0,50,0).

machine.gcode("G90");
machine.gcode("G1 X0 Y0 Z0 F500");
machine.gcode("G3 X50 Y50 R50 F500");

5. Draw a circle clockwise from (0,0,0) in the XZ plane with the center (0,0,50).

machine.gcode("G90");
machine.gcode("G1 X0 Y0 Z0 F500");
machine.gcode("G18");
machine.gcode("G2 X0 Z0 I0 K50 F500")

6. Draw a helix with XY as the circular plane, origin as the center, Z-axis as the height, and pitch as 10, starting from (50,0,0) and ending at (50,0,100) clockwise.

machine.gcode("G90");
machine.gcode("G1 X50 Y0 Z0 F500");
machine.gcode("G17");
machine.gcode("G2 X50 Y0 Z100 I-50 J0 P10 F500");

G4

G4 S-

G4 P-

The machine is suspended for a period of time.

• S: Time in seconds, both inputs are integers
• P: Time in milliseconds

Usage examples:

1. Wait 2 seconds at the coordinates (50,0,0) and then move to the coordinates (0,50,0) in a straight line.

machine.gcode("G90");
machine.gcode("G1 X50 Y0 Z0 F500");
machine.gcode("G4 S2");
machine.gcode("G1 X0 Y50 Z0 F500");

2. Wait 0.5 seconds at the coordinates (50,0,0) and then move to the coordinates (0,50,0) in a straight line.

machine.gcode("G90");
machine.gcode("G1 X50 Y0 Z0 F500");
machine.gcode("G4 P500");
machine.gcode("G1 X0 Y50 Z0 F500");

G17、G18、G19

G17

G18

G19

Specifies the plane for the arc motion. If not specified, the default is G17.

• G17: Specify the plane as XY plane
• G18: Specify the plane as XZ plane
• G19: Specify the plane as YZ plane

Usage examples:

1. Starting from the origin (0,0,0), draw a circle with a radius of 50 in the XY plane clockwise and a circle with a radius of 50 in the YZ plane counterclockwise.

machine.gcode("G90");
machine.gcode("G1 X0 Y0 Z0 F500");
machine.gcode("G17")
machine.gcode("G2 X0 Y0 I50 J0 F500");
machine.gcode("G19")
machine.gcode("G3 Y0 Z0 J0 K50 F500");

2. Draw a clockwise spiral from (0,0,0) to (0,100,0) with XZ as the circular plane, (0,0,50) as the center, Y-axis as the height, and the pitch as 10.

machine.gcode("G90");
machine.gcode("G1 X0 Y0 Z0 F500");
machine.gcode("G18");
machine.gcode("G2 X0 Y100 Z0 I0 K50 P10 F500");

G90、G91

G90

G91

Set the mode of the position coordinates. If not specified, G90 is preset.

• G90: If absolute mode is used, the parameter Axes in the G1, G2, and G3 commands is the absolute position.
• G91: If the relative mode is used, the parameter Axes in the G1, G2, and G3 commands is the relative position.

Usage examples:

1. Move from the current position to the absolute coordinates (10,10,20).

machine.gcode("G90");
machine.gcode("G1 X10 Y10 Z20 F500");

2. Move the current position as the base, relative to each other (10,-10,20).

machine.gcode("G91");
machine.gcode("G1 X10 Y-10 Z20 F500");

3. From the coordinates (50,0,0), draw a clockwise arc with a radius of (100,0,0) and move it to (150,0,0).

machine.gcode("G90");
machine.gcode("G1 X50 Y0 Z0 F500");
machine.gcode("G2 X150 Y0 I50 J0 F500");

4. From the coordinates (50,0,0), draw a clockwise arc with a radius of (100,0,0) and move it to (150,0,0).

machine.gcode("G90");
machine.gcode("G1 X50 Y0 Z0 F500");
machine.gcode("G91");
machine.gcode("G2 X100 Y0 I50 J0 F500");

G90.1、G91.1

G90.1

G91.1

Set the mode of the center coordinates. If not specified, it is preset to G91.1.

• G90.1: If absolute mode is used, the parameter Offsets in the G2 and G3 commands are absolute positions.
• G91.1: If relative mode is used, the parameter Offsets in the G2 and G3 commands are relative positions.

Usage examples:

1. From the coordinates (50,0,0), draw a clockwise arc with a radius of (100,0,0) and move it to (150,0,0).

machine.gcode("G90");
machine.gcode("G1 X50 Y0 Z0 F500");
machine.gcode("G90.1");
machine.gcode("G2 X150 Y0 I100 J0 F500");

2. From the coordinates (50,0,0), draw a clockwise arc with a radius of (100,0,0) and move it to (150,0,0).

machine.gcode("G90");
machine.gcode("G1 X50 Y0 Z0 F500");
machine.gcode("G91.1");
machine.gcode("G2 X150 Y0 I50 J0 F500");

G92

G92 Axes-

Coordinate system offset, specifying Axes as the coordinates of the current position.

• Axes: Current position of the coordinates

Usage examples:

1. Offset the coordinate system to assign the current position to the absolute coordinates (50,50,50).

machine.gcode("G92 X50 Y50 Z50");

See also

• Explanation of exercise method()
• gcode()

Libraries Reference Home

The text of the 86Duino reference is a modification of the Arduino reference and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License. Code samples in the reference are released into the public domain.